Foreword by Andrew Chilvers The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is a hugely diverse cultural and geographical mix that stretches from Morocco in northwest Africa to Iran in Southwest Asia. The region is home to a range of economies with vastly different levels of openness to international trade and investment. But with the […]
IR Global, the world’s largest exclusive network of advisory firms is delighted to introduce Vanja Mugoša of Jovović Mugoša & Vuković. Vanja has joined IR as our exclusive Commercial Law Member in Montenegro. From the very beginning, we have been recognized as a successful and highly respected law office, with a diverse portfolio of legal […]
IR Global, the world’s largest exclusive network of advisory firms is delighted to introduce Dr Judyta Latymowicz of LEGALLY.SMART. Judyta has joined IR as our exclusive Commercial Law Member in Poland. Judyta is a co-founder and a partner of LEGALLY.SMART. She is a head of Asian and India Desk, co-chair of Polish Division of Indian […]
Losses from shares in companies facing insolvency can be claimed against tax from the point in time when the shares are written off the securities account. That was the verdict of the Bundesfinanzhof (BFH), Germany’s Federal Fiscal Court (Az.: VIII R 20/18). The Bundesfinanzhof has delivered an important ruling on losses from shares in companies […]
In respect to the promulgation of Law No. 11 of 2020 on the Job Creation (“Law 11/2020”), commonly known as Omnibus Law, the government has issued Government Regulation No. 5 of 2021 on the Implementation of Risk-Based Business Licensing (“GR 5/2021”). GR 5/2021 stipulates a new approach in business licensing, based on business risk assessment. The main […]
With Ordinance № RD-01-278 of 29 April 2021, the Minister of Health introduced new temporary anti-epidemic measures for entering into the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria, to be applied from 1 May 2021 to 31May 2021. From 1 May the entry into Bulgaria of persons arriving from India, Bangladesh, Brazil and countries and territories […]
Every day, thousands of goods are imported into the European Union by importers and customs agents from so-called third countries. Goods imported from outside the European Union must be “cleared through customs” in order to bring the goods into free circulation. This means that you as an importer usually have to pay import duties, among […]
Foreward by Andrew Chilvers During the past two decades the key nations of Central and Eastern European (CEE) have grown significantly following moves to liberalise their economies. On average Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Bulgaria and Romania, to name a few, increased their per capita GDP by 115% between 2004-2020. Employment was at its lowest […]
Foreward by Andrew Chilvers During the past two decades the key nations of Central and Eastern European (CEE) have grown significantly following moves to liberalise their economies. On average Poland, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Bulgaria and Romania, to name a few, increased their per capita GDP by 115% between 2004-2020. Employment was at its lowest […]
Entering a new market is never easy, nor is developing a market in which you have a minimal presence. Over the years we have advised many foreign investors who have looked at the Romanian market with a view to developing their business and marketing their products. Often, they come and see us with their prospective […]
Bonuses for night work and working on Sundays are only tax exempt if they are awarded on an individual and not a flat-rate basis. That was the verdict of the Finanzgericht (FG) Düsseldorf – the Fiscal court of Düsseldorf – in a judgment from November 27, 2020. Those who work nights or on Sundays and […]
Black Forest ham (Schwarzwälder Schinken) may be referred to as such even if it is not sliced and packaged in the Black Forest. That was the verdict of the Bundesgerichtshof (BGH), Germany’s Federal Supreme Court (Az.: I ZB 72/19). Geographical indications of origin can be protected in a similar manner to trademarks, something which can […]